Automated
three-dimensional warehouse machinery and equipment generally include
high-rise shelves, roadway stacker and outbound transportation, handling
machinery.
I. High-rise shelves
1, light load type high level shelf
Light
load type shelf height 5~10m, with plastic baskets and other containers
for access units, access weight in the 50~100kg, generally light
weight, small goods for the storage of objects more suitable, such as
electronic parts, precision machine parts, automotive parts,
pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.
2. Unit-loaded high-rise shelves
Unit-loaded
High level shelf height of up to 40m, storage capacity of up to 100,000
pallet units, suitable for large warehouses, the general height of
6~15m, the number of storage in $number tray unit. With the continuous
improvement of storage automation technology, the access time is getting
faster, taking 100 of pallet unit access as an example, the average
access time is 70s/pallet.
Second, the roadway stacking machine
The
roadway stacker is also called the roadway stacking crane, which is the
most important handling equipment in the automated stereoscopic
warehouse, it is the special crane which develops with the appearance of
the stereoscopic storehouse, specially uses in the elevated warehouse.
The
roadway stacker is generally composed of a frame, a running mechanism, a
lifting mechanism, a driver’s room, a fork extension mechanism and an
electrical control device.
1, Roadway type single column stacking machine
The
stacking machine frame of single column structure consists of a column
and a lower beam. The column is made of large H-beam welding, and the
column is attached with guide rail. The weight of the machine is
lighter, the consumption material is less, so the manufacturing cost is
relatively low, but the rigidity is slightly worse. The parameters of
the device are as follows.
Main performance: Warehouse height 6~24m, maximum 40m;
Operating speed: Standard type 80m/min, high speed type 200m/min;
Lifting height: standard type Hmax = 20m/min, high speed hmax=50m/min;
Fork Telescopic speed: Vmax = 12m/min (Standard), 50m/min (high speed).
2, double column roadway stacking machine
The
machine frame consists of two columns and upper and lower beams, which
form a rectangular frame. The column forms the tube and the round tube,
the square tube also makes the lifting guide, the round pipe needs to
attach the lifting guide rail.
Analysis of automation system in automated stereoscopic warehouse
III. Peripheral handling system, control system and loader and palletizing robot
The
roadway machine can only carry on the access operation in the roadway,
the goods out of storage need to pass around the supporting conveyance
machinery facility.
The
surrounding handling system includes transporting and conveying
equipment, automatic guide vehicle, robot, forklift, trolley, pallet,
etc. Its role is to cooperate with the roadway stacker to complete the
transport of goods, handling, sorting and other operations, but also can
temporarily replace the main handling system, so that the automatic
access system to maintain work, complete the goods out of the warehouse
operation.
Automated
Warehouse control system: Automated warehouse control of the form of
manual control, random automatic control, remote control and computer
automatic control of four forms.
1, shuttle car (RGV Rail Guide vehicle)
In
the automated logistics system, the main use of material transport
chain, roller, belt conveyor and other general equipment, generally
fixed on the ground. Put the above equipment on the walking wheel,
moving along the fixed path, become a shuttle vehicle. The shuttle
vehicle has the characteristics of dynamic loading, which can make the
conveying and conveying line layout of the materials more compact and
simple, so as to improve the delivery efficiency of the materials.
Therefore, the shuttle vehicle in the automated logistics system
application is more common.
Generally
speaking, the transportation equipment along the fixed track is called
the Shuttle vehicle (RGV), the trackless vehicle is called the AGV,
which is transported in the air, called the suspension Trolley (EMS).
From the form of the track, the shuttle can be divided into
reciprocating direct shuttle vehicle and circular shuttle car, the
circular shuttle can run more than one body on the same track, can
greatly improve the handling capacity, is the development trend of the
shuttle vehicle. At present, the speed of domestic shuttle car is
generally 120~200m/min, in the foreign airport baggage sorting system,
the use of contactless energy transfer technology of the shuttle car up
to the highest speed can reach 600m/min.
The
shuttle vehicle (RGV) is constrained and guided by a rail or a ground
chain to run the car. It has two sets of transmission mechanism:
conveying mechanism, sports organization. The shuttle car (RGV) is
constrained by a two-track and monorail two.
Analysis of automation system in automated stereoscopic warehouse
Monorail reciprocating shuttle car
Analysis of automation system in automated stereoscopic warehouse
Double-track reciprocating shuttle car
2. Roller Conveyor
Roller
conveyor is divided into dynamic type and no power type, no power type
has a certain gradient, so that the goods by their own gravity from the
high-end moving to the low-end;
The power is composed of a series of rollers with a certain spacing; 3-4 rollers support a cargo at the same time.
3, Chain Conveyor
(1) Load-type chain conveyor
(2) flat-top plate chain Conveyor
(3) Hanging chain Conveyor
(4) Chain hoist
4. Automatic Guide van (AGV)
AGV
(Automatic guided Vehicle) is one of the key equipments in the
automatic logistics system, which is equipped with an automatic guidance
device such as electromagnetism or optics, which can travel along the
specified guiding path, has security protection and various
load-carrying functions.
AGV
is under the control of the computer and wireless local network,
through the magnetic, laser and other guidance devices to guide and
along the program set path to complete the operation of unmanned
automatic car. AGV has security and a variety of load-carrying
functions, the use of battery-driven (AC, DC), is an automated logistics
system, one of the key equipment, for modern manufacturing logistics
and automated warehouse provides a highly flexible and automated
transport methods.
It has the basic function of driving, acknowledging and transferring load.
5, Palletizing Machine and palletizing robot
Automated warehouse System in a large number of use of palletizing machine or robot to complete stacking, demolition work.
1. Robot automatic packing and stacking workstation
is
an integrated system that includes industrial robots, controllers,
programmers, robotic gripper, automatic disassembly/stacking machines,
pallet conveyors and positioning equipment, and stacking mode software.
It also configures automatic weighing, labeling and detection and
communication systems, and is connected to the production control system
to form a complete integrated packaging production line. Robot
automatic Boxing, palletizing workstation can be used in building
materials, home appliances, electronics, chemical fiber, automobiles,
food and other industries.
The specific application of robot automatic packing and Palletizing workstation has the following kinds:
(1)
Production line end palletizing Simple workstation: This kind of
flexible palletizing system from the conveyor line up and down material
and the workpiece stacking, add layer pad, and so on, followed by a
conveyor line will be a good code tray to send away.
(2)
Stacking/disassembling workstation: This flexible palletizing system
can be three stacks of different cargo code into a stack, the robot can
also grab trays and bedding, a stack of code after full output from the
conveyor line.
(3)
Stacking in the production line: the workpiece in the conveyor line
positioning point was crawled and placed on two different pallets, the
layer pad is also crawled by the robot. The pallet and the full stack
are automatically output or input through the line body.
(4)
The complex workstation of the end palletizing of the production line:
The workpiece comes from three different line bodies, they are crawled
and placed on three different pallets, and the bedding is crawled by the
robot. The pallet and the full stack are automatically output or input
on the line body.
Analysis of automation system in automated stereoscopic warehouse
Robot palletizing
Analysis of automation system in automated stereoscopic warehouse
Stacking Machine palletizing
6, automatic sorting machine equipment
Sorting
refers to the items sorted by variety, out of the order of warehousing
and stacking operations. This work can be done manually or with
automated equipment. Can be continuously, high-volume sorting of goods,
sorting error rate is very low, the basic realization of the sorting
operation unmanned.
1. The applicable conditions of automatic sorting system
(1)
One-time investment is huge (the need to build a short 40-50, the
length of 150-200 meters of mechanical transmission line, but also have a
matching mechanical and electrical integration control system, computer
network and communication system).
(2)
High requirements for the packaging of goods (only suitable for sorting
the bottom of flat and rigid packaging rules of goods).
In
order to make most goods can be automatically sorted by machinery, the
measures can be taken: (a) the implementation of standardized packaging,
so that most of the packaging of goods in line with national standards;
(b) custom-made sorting machines are customized according to the
uniform packaging characteristics of most of the goods being sorted.
2. The composition of automatic sorting system
There
are a wide range of automatic sorting systems, which are generally
composed of control devices, classification devices, conveying devices
and sorting intersections. The above four parts are connected together
by computer network, and the manual control and the corresponding manual
processing link constitute a complete automatic sorting system.
(1)
The function of the control device is to identify, accept and deal with
the sorting signal, according to the requirements of the sorting signal
to indicate the classification device, according to the commodity
variety, the place of delivery of goods or the category of shippers to
automatic sorting of goods.
(2)
The function of the classification device is according to the sorting
instructions issued by the control device, when the product with the
same sorting signal passes through the device, the device works to
change the running direction of the commodity on the conveying device,
so that it enters the other conveyor or the sorting crossing.
(3)
The main component of the conveying device is the conveyor belt or
conveyor, its main function is to make the goods to be sorted through
the control device, classification device.
(4)
The sorting crossing is a passageway in which the sorted goods are
separated from the main conveyor into the gathering area, generally has
the steel belt, the belt, the roller and so on composes the chute,
causes the commodity to slide from the main conveying device to the
gathering platform, where the staff will be all the goods of the
crossing to be centralized or storage, or the group with the loading and
distribution operation.
3. Type of automatic sorting system
There
are more than 10 different types of automatic sorting system, which are
divided into linear type sorting system and ring type sorting system.
The linear type sorting system mainly includes the slider type sorting
machine, the wheel sorting machine, the drum sorting machine and so on;
the ring type sorting system mainly includes the tilting type sorting
machine and the cross belt type sorting machine; others also have the
push type sorting machine and the vertical sorting machine.
Cargo transmission device: steel belt conveyor, belt conveyor, pallet conveyor, roller conveyor, etc.
The
common automatic sorting mechanism has the introduction type, the
surfaced wheel steering wheel, the tilting mechanism and so on.
Analysis of automation system in automated stereoscopic warehouse
Cylinder side push type roller column sorting machine
Analysis of automation system in automated stereoscopic warehouse
Chain-driven roller-column sorting machine
Analysis of automation system in automated stereoscopic warehouse
Fall into the type sorting machine
Analysis of automation system in automated stereoscopic warehouse
Sliding block type roller column sorting machine
Analysis of automation system in automated stereoscopic warehouse
Large pallet high speed sorting machine
4. Main technical parameters of automatic sorting machine
(1) Main machine sorting efficiency: pieces/hour;
(2) Operating speed: M/s;
(3) The size and weight range of the sorting items;
(4) The capacity of the number of the mouth and the pass;
(5) The number of seats available;
(6) The error rate of sorting;
(7) The Power and drive mode of the sorting machine.
IV. Automated Warehouse Information Management system
The
information management system of automated warehouse includes computer
monitoring system, database system and network system.
Computer
monitoring system involves the management of computer, monitoring
computer, control the implementation of specific equipment PLC
controller. The database system completes the storage of the underlying
data, and the network system completes the transmission and exchange of
complex information.
1. Function design of information management system
Automated warehouse information Management system should have the following functions:
1.
Demand management system: Determine the quantity and time of material
requirement according to the production plan, sales status, stock
condition, goods List and date.
2. Ordering Management subsystem: order making and processing.
3. Storage Management system functions: warehousing management, shelf management, out of the library management.
4.
nonconforming Product Management System: Acceptance management,
production return product management, market return product management.
5.
Inventory Management System: Inventory status analysis, ABC
classification management, pull-type inventory management, sluggish
product management.
6.
System maintenance: System initialization, installation of various
types of coding and processing methods (such as platter mode, out of
storage mode, batch mode, date, database, the initialization of the
location code) and so on.
2. The function requirement of the computer control system of the automatic warehouse
The
operation process of the automated warehouse is generally warehousing,
handling in the storehouse, goods storage, fetching goods and goods out
of the storehouse. The whole work is carried out under the control of
the computer system. Computer system is generally a three-level
management control system, the upper computer and the local area network
connected, the lower computer and the Controller plc connected, through
the wireless and cable transmission data.
Computer
control system function requirements: computer control system mainly
control the speed of sorting machine, control the start-up and operation
time of sorting and importing machinery, control the speed and
operation of AGV, shuttle, conveyor, complete the stacking machine or
palletizing robot.
3, several typical automatic warehouse control system structure
1. Centralized control system
The
main computer carries out warehouse management by monitoring the CRT
system in the central control room of the system structure, such as
issuing inventory control, cargo warehousing and carrying instructions,
while carrying out the management of warehouse equipment and storage of
goods.
2. Distributed system control Structure
Analysis of automation system in automated stereoscopic warehouse
The
main computer controls the conveyor controller, the Stacker controller,
the AGV controller, the VGA controller and the VGB controller
respectively through the controller, and each controller manages the
equipment (conveyor, stacker, AGV, etc.).
Analysis of automation system in automated stereoscopic warehouse
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